Three parent baby
A three-parent baby is a term used to describe a baby that is created using genetic material from three different people. This is achieved through a specialized type of in vitro fertilization (IVF) called mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT).
MRT involves the transfer of the nucleus from a mother’s egg or embryo into a donor egg or embryo that has had its nucleus removed. The resulting embryo contains genetic material from the mother, father, and the donor, and is then implanted into the mother’s uterus for gestation.
The primary purpose of MRT is to prevent the transmission of certain genetic disorders from the mother to her child, specifically, those caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of cells, and mutations in their DNA can cause a range of health problems, including muscular dystrophy, diabetes, and heart disease.
While MRT has shown promise in preventing the transmission of mitochondrial disorders, it remains a controversial technique due to ethical concerns and potential risks. Some critics argue that it could open the door to designer babies or eugenics, while others worry about the long-term health effects of genetic manipulation.
Currently, MRT is only legal in a few countries and is tightly regulated to ensure that it is only used in cases where there is a high risk of passing on a serious genetic disorder.
At the end of 2016, the India Medical Association was also planning to appeal to the Central government to start discussions for granting three-parent IVF.
Indian medical experts decided after the UK took the footsteps of the legalization of it.
According to medical experts, three-parent IVF is required in the Indian population also.
Many Indian couples are unable to conceive a healthy normal child because of mitochondrial diseases that occur because of malfunctioning of mitochondria.
Mitochondria present in cells are responsible for generating 90% energy that requires for sustaining life.
Mitochondrial diseases are chronic conditions that can be inherited.
Three-parent IVF is considered a miracle in the genetics world.
In India, may few hundred women are suffering from mitochondrial disorders.
The legalization of three-parent IVF in India can be a blessing for women who suffer from mitochondrial disorders. Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) which is an integral part of three-parent IVF has not been explored much in India so far.
But the possibility of success of this technology in India is excellent. One out of 5000 individuals experiences mitochondrial hindrance and the singular transformation rate is one in more than 200 births, an ascent over the most recent couple of years.
In any case, the propagation of drop and genetic association with parents lays the reason for the job of the newborn child in the public eye. Second, is the longing and prevalent difficulty to consider a genetic child profoundly focused on? Because of this, other reproductive choices like surrogacy and egg donation are not completely adequate even today. It is pleasing that such standards are customary in this day and age however the truth of the matter is that such standards exist and have shaped profound roots in India which can’t be wiped out without any problem.
MRT squeezes into this field satisfying the expectations of diseased females intending to give birth to a healthy child on their own. The successful birth of a baby through three-parent IVF happened in Mexico.
Some of the doctors from the USA had performed the procedure. This is possible in Mexico because no regulation restricts doctors to perform such treatment. But in India, legalization of such a procedure is required otherwise doctors cannot start performing the technique. However, Indian healthcare is well equipped and has all the required technology to perform three-parent IVF.
In this procedure, the baby will be carrying the DNA of three parents i.e. of two mothers and one father. Therefore, another consideration for three-parent IVF in the Indian scenario is a requirement of a proper framework for sorting the guardianship issues of the child born out of three-parent IVF.
iThree-parent IVF is the assisted reproductive technology in which the genetic material of one male and two females is used for generating human offspring. Mitochondrial manipulation technologies are specifically used in three-person in-vitro fertilization.
The three-parent IVF process aims to replace or reduce the DNA mutation effects in mitochondria to overcome infertility or prevent potentially debilitating mitochondrial diseases in their offspring.
Although gradually the tree-parent IVF technology is scientifically explored, more research requires knowing the extinction of mitochondrial diseases and what will be its larger effect on the future of human evolution.
Keeping in mind the challenges exclusive to India, the Indian healthcare department must ensure that this technique is not distorted for feticide based on gender choice. Also, Indian healthcare experts need to closely assess the significant trend of designer babies that is being discussed now. Currently, Max Multi-Specialty Centre, Pitampura has the facility of three-parent in-vitro-fertilization (TPIVF).
