Introductory infertility and treatments

• Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive or carry a pregnancy until after 12 months of unprotected intercourse
• Globally infertility is related to female factor in 1/3rd of cases male factor in 1/3^rd of cases and combined male& female in 1/3^rd of cases

• Causes of infertility in men?
• Hormonal or sexual disorders 
• Abnormal production of sperm
• Genetic conditions

• Cause of infertility in women?

1. Ovulation disorders

2. Uterine anomalies

3. Damage or pathology of fallopian tubes.

4. Endometriosis

• How is infertility diagnosed?
• Medical & sexual history of partners
• Physical examine

• Male infertility test:-
• Semen analysis
• Hormone testing
• Ultrasound-TRUS
• Genetic testing
• Testicular biopsy

• Female fertility tests:-
• Ovulation &ovarian reserve tests
• Hysterical program
• Trans vaginal ultrasound
• Hormonal testing
• Rarely, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy or genetic testing

• Can fertility be treated?

2^nd most cases infertility can be successfully treated based on the:-

1. Age
2. Causes
3. Duration of infertility

• Male infertility can be treated by:-
• Medication to improve sperm count
• Surgeries or corrective procedures:-

• Female infertility can be treated by:-
• Medication to boost fertility
• Ovulation induction drugs to in ovulation
• Surgical procedure-tube surgeries, myomectomy  hysteroscopy, laparoscopy

• ART- Assisted reproductive technologies –it is a group of fertility procedures to help or patient get pregnant.
• Type of ART:-
• IUI – intrauterine insemination :- transfer of sperm in to the uterus
• IVF – in vitro fertilization on egg &sperm doing natural selection in lab.
• ICSI
• Verification- freezing of eggs or sperm in lab for later use

• Fertility tips:-
• Having regular intercourse
• Maintaining health habits
• Maintaining health weight
• Avoiding ,smoking, alcohol

• With latest advance in fertility having a baby is now cases